trailer doi: 10.3923/pjbs.2003.686.687. Quality of jute fibre is found to be better than normal retting ii. The water, penetrating to the central stalk portion, swells the inner cells, bursting the outermost layer, thus increasing absorption of both moisture and decay-producing bacteria. Retting of jute grown in arsenic contaminated area and consequent arsenic pollution in surface water bodies. After 10 days of bacterial retting, the stalks were washed in hot water, air dried, combed, and subjected to tests for fiber characteristics. Retting process utilizes a complex microbial community for dissolution process after immersion of jute plants in water, releasing soluble constituents like sugar, glucosides and nitrogenous compounds (Ahmed and Akhter, 2001). Munshi TK, Chattoo BB. 0000075446 00000 n Neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree construction using 16S rRNA gene sequences by Mega 6.0. cereus, one strain ofB. Ecol. Keywords: Jute retting, fibre, accelerated retting, quality fibre, microbial retting Jute, also known as Golden fiber, is an internationally traded major commodity originating primarily from two developing countries-Bangladesh and India. The optimum retti 0000004597 00000 n Retting time reduced from 18-22 days to 12-14 days with about 10% higher fibre recovery. 0000002368 00000 n xref Retting operation was carried out for varying time period namely 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 days respectively. This article focusses on the microbial retting of jute bast fibres under aerobic condition using sequencing batch reactor. Breakthrough in Jute Retting by ICAR – CRIJAF through Genome Sequencing of Microbes of Microbial Retting Consortium India is the largest producer of raw jute and jute goods in the world, contributing about 60% of the global production and providing livelihood support to about 5 million people in farming, trade and industry. on the environmental quality of water: a case study. To investigate the presence of microorganisms during the process of jute retting, full-cycle rRNA approach was followed, and two 16S rRNA gene libraries, from jute-retting locations of Krishnanagar and Barrackpore, were constructed. For this purpose, stems of fibre yielding plants are immersed in water for long period where decomposition sets in. 0000013682 00000 n Here we report optimized microbial retting protocol that can lower retting period and produce high fibre quality. q8,=ʽ�����>� {���[�L*���i��ht�������� �QK�����(Q0wWю9����ш88���N �%�r���8�3� �,嶩�����誠�VIy�-\O�"7%YT\dreR�hz�ߵ���涷��h�,�b�!�ؽd�����z}|�~���� �>��}e/O$. Majumder A, Bairagya MD, Basu B, Gupta PC, Sarkar S. Sci Total Environ. See this image and copyright information in PMC. 1996;21:71–80. Bacterial retting was done in troughs at a temperature of 30 ± 2°C. It is a gram-positive butyric acid producing bacteria. Microb. Methophilic bacteria found in cold methane seeps forms a symbiotic relationship with deep-sea invertebrates. Jute is an annual renewable fiber crops grown mainly in Bangladesh, India and other Asian countries. Breakthrough in Jute Retting by ICAR – CRIJAF through Genome Sequencing of Microbes of Microbial Retting Consortium India is the largest producer of raw jute and jute goods in the world, contributing about 60% of the global production and providing livelihood support to about 5 million people in farming, trade and industry. 2012;7:50–58. Heat map of liquid culture extra cellular pectinase, xylanase and cellulase activity of 144 isolates. Here we report optimized microbial retting protocol that can lower retting period and produce high fibre quality. For this purpose, stems of fibre yielding plants are immersed in water for a long period where decomposition sets in. Di Candilo M, Bonatti PM, Guidetti C, Focher B, Grippo C, Tamburini E, Mastromei G. J Appl Microbiol. 0000007413 00000 n 0000017900 00000 n 2010 Jan;108(1):194-203. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2009.04409.x. An in situ microbial retting process with direct involvement of the bacterium on the ramie fibre as a carbon source, rather than treating fibre bundles with enzymes secreted by bacteria, was highlighted. Haque MS, Zakaria A, Adhir KB, Firoza A. Three strains ofBacillus macerans, four strains ofB. Epub 2012 Nov 22. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. To check the synergistic and antagonistic effect 10 selected isolates were tested in 167 different combinations. Abstract. It is used in the production of fibre from plant materials such as flax and hemp stalks and coir from coconut husks. Of these, 169 isolates have been purified and characterized. However, bacterial communities associated with the retting of jute are not well characterized. A total of 451 bacterial colonies have been isolated from five jute retting water samples in Bangladesh. Anaerobic bacteria and aerobic microorganisms mostly mediate conventional retting of jute. Would you like email updates of new search results?  |  %PDF-1.5 %���� 2019 Jun 15;191(7):440. doi: 10.1007/s10661-019-7589-7. 0000009059 00000 n Introduction. Higher pectinolytic bacterial isolates were predominant in the later stage of jute retting. Jute and kenaf are among the annually renewable fibre crops mainly grown over tropical and subtropical Asian countries. Jute—an important cash crop of eastern India is traditionally grown for extraction of fibre by a natural microbial process known as retting. Djemiel C, Goulas E, Badalato N, Chabbert B, Hawkins S, Grec S. Front Genet. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. 0000002470 00000 n Get the latest public health information from CDC: https://www.coronavirus.gov, Get the latest research information from NIH: https://www.nih.gov/coronavirus, Find NCBI SARS-CoV-2 literature, sequence, and clinical content: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sars-cov-2/. Mechanical Extraction of Fibre Biochemical Prospects of Various Microbial Pectinase and Pectin: An Approachable Concept in Pharmaceutical Bioprocessing. eCollection 2013. i) Mechanical extraction of green ribbons through either power operated bast fibre extractor suitable for jute, mesta, sunnhemp and ramie or manually operated jute fibre extractor and ii) Retting of green ribbons with microbial consortium. 2008;56:270–282. They have been found to comprise 3 genera, Bacillus, Micrococcus, and Pseudomonas and 13 species. Recently a breakthrough in jute retting has been achieved by scientists of ICAR – CRIJAF who have decoded the genome sequences of jute retting microbes by high throughput genome sequencing. Among them, 144 isolates have been selected on the basis of extra cellular enzyme activity of these three enzymes. Comparative study on the physico-mechanical properties of Jute, kenaf and Mesta-Part-V. Bangladesh J. Jute Fibre Res. Helicobactor pylori is a gram-negative bacteria that produces acetate. Impact of conventional retting of jute (Corchorus spp.) Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences. 0000009626 00000 n Three strains ofBacillus macerans, four strains ofB. Retting, process employing the action of bacteria and moisture on plants to dissolve or rot away much of the cellular tissues and gummy substances surrounding bast-fibre bundles, thus facilitating separation of the fibre from the stem. Relative distribution of 14 species found in the 16S rRNA gene sequences analysis…, Comparison of mean pectinase, xylanase and cellulose activities of 10 representative individual isolates…, NLM Averyimportanitstep in the jute industry is retting. Aerobic Bacteria Involved in the Retting of Jute MOHAMMAD MYSER ALIL Departmtlent of Botany, University ofDacca, Dacca, East Pakistan Received for publication Juine 15, 1957 Jute, Corchorus capsularis, is the most important cash crop of Pakistan. Retting is facilitated by anaerobic butyric acid bacteria such as Clostridium botulinum, Clostridium tetani and Clostridium perfringens. Retting is the process of extracting fibre from a plant's stem and one way of doing so is the use of micro-organisms and moisture. <<603741E513CD7A43A3C047EABF18AC1C>]/Prev 610941>> 0000076285 00000 n 16 s ribosomal gene sequencing analysis identified 2 phyla- Firmicutis (80.55%) and Proteobacteria (19.45%). 0000003693 00000 n Usually mature stems of harvested jute plants are allowed to ret in pond or ditch water. eCollection 2020. The genome sizes of these strains are ~3.8 Mb with 3729 to 4002 protein-coding … Front Nutr. USA.gov. 0000079823 00000 n The pectins are divided into three groups: (a) protopectins, (b) pectins, and(c)pectic acids. 2013 Jan 1;442:247-54. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.09.071. luteus were isolated and their action on jute stems studied. It involves microbial decomposition of the unwanted material. 0000004250 00000 n However, under the mechano-microbial method, green bark containing the fiber bundles is extracted from jute stems by a mechanical device. -, Das B, et al. subtilis, three strains ofB. The in-depth genomic analysis significantly revealed three different species of Bacillus constitute the consortium strains. Environ Monit Assess. HHS Basic methods include dew retting and water retting. Out of these, 168 isolates have been screened by both semi-quantitative and quantitative pectinase, xylanase and cellulase enzyme assay. 0000005166 00000 n During the storage of fish, dynamic primary changes are taking place in numerous parts of the fish, including the eyes, skin, gills and muscle characteristics of the fish. It is one of the largest sources of lignocellulosic bast fiber which is extracted from plants by a natural microbial process known as retting. 0 Usually mature stems of harvested jute plants are allowed to ret in pond or ditch water. Bacterial Population Structure of the Jute Retting Environment. Satapathy S, Rout JR, Kerry RG, Thatoi H, Sahoo SL. Heat map of liquid culture extra cellular pectinase, xylanase and cellulase activity of…, Neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree construction using…. -. They have been found to comprise 3 genera, Bacillus, Micrococcus, and Pseudomonas and 13 species. It is obtained from the bark of plant through microbial retting process. Ali MH, Samad MA, Sarker NN. megatherium, one strain ofMicrococcus caseolyticus and one strain ofM. Linen most useful: perspectives on structure, chemistry, and enzymes for retting flax. eCollection 2020. 0000001096 00000 n Jute fibre is the second most important fibre next to cotton. 0000003807 00000 n The mieroflora involved in jute retting was investigated in three districts of East Pakistan for fifteen months. polymyxa, five strains ofB. It is obtained from the bark of plant through microbial retting process. 0000007662 00000 n Jarman, C. G. The retting of Jute. 0000004681 00000 n However, bacterial communities associated with the retting of jute are not well characterized. luteus were isolated and their action on jute stems studied. For this reason jute is popularly called the "golden fiber" of Pakistan. Retting is facilitated by anaerobic butyric acid bacteria such as Clostridium botulinum, Clostridium tetani and Clostridium perfringens. Complete removal of pectin and polysaccharide gummy materials are necessary to obtain good quality fibre keeping the natural strength of cellulose. FAO Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy, pp 1–5 (1985). Of these, 169 isolates have been purified and characterized. 0000012276 00000 n 0000075029 00000 n S ummary: A total of 1,438 colonies of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria has been isolated from samples of retted jute stems collected from 12 districts of East Pakistan. 154 0 obj <> endobj Retting time must be carefully judged; under-retting makes separation difficult, and over-retting weakens the fibre. 0000002949 00000 n 193 0 obj <>stream ISRN Biotechnol. Here we report optimized microbial retting protocol that can lower retting period and produce high fibre quality. Comparison of mean pectinase, xylanase and cellulose activities of 10 representative individual isolates with 3 selected bacterial consortia. Basic methods include dew retting and water retting. COVID-19 is an emerging, rapidly evolving situation. For this purpose, stems of fibre yielding plants are immersed in water for long period where decomposition sets in. This article focusses on the microbial retting of jute bast fibres under aerobic condition using sequencing batch reactor. 0000075853 00000 n 0000008279 00000 n The mieroflora involved in jute retting was investigated in three districts of East Pakistan for fifteen months. 2020 Oct 27;11:581664. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2020.581664.  |  To investigate the presence of microorganisms during the process of jute retting, full-cycle rRNA approach was followed, and two 16S rRNA gene libraries, from jute-retting locations of Krishnanagar and Barrackpore, were constructed. polymyxa, five strains ofB. This article focusses on the microbial retting of jute bast fibres under aerobic condition using sequencing batch reactor. The available retting processes are: mechanical retting (hammering), chemical retting (boiling & applying chemicals), steam/vapor/dew retting, and water or microbial retting. Decorticated kenaf stalks were retted by bacterial and chemical processes. It is obtained from the bark of plant through microbial retting process. Research Journal of Microbiology. iii. 0000082352 00000 n Retting process is used for obtaining fibres from stems of flax, hemp, jute etc. Nearly 80,000 farmers are engaged in jute cultivation in Assam and the annual production of jute fibre is 1.3 lakh tonnes. 0000044810 00000 n It involves microbial decomposition of the unwanted material. 0000003656 00000 n Jute fibre is the second most important fibre next to cotton. For example, the genes for degrading pectin, hemicellulose and other non-cellulosic materials can be altered for enhanced retting efficiency and … Retting is facilitated by anaerobic butyric acid bacteria such as Clostridium botulinum, Clostridium tetani and Clostridium perfringens. 0000003171 00000 n 0000006412 00000 n Methophilic bacteria found in cold methane seeps forms a symbiotic relationship with deep-sea invertebrates. -. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! Retting microbes present in plant and water continue to build up their population by utilizing these soluble compounds. 0000003919 00000 n As the conventional whole plant retting does not suit the farmers in the water crisis situation, mechano-microbial retting technology has been developed which needs some more studies for commercialization. 0000000016 00000 n The ‘Jute ICARE’ interventions have resulted in enhancing the quality and productivity of raw jute and increasing income of jute farmers by Rs 10,000 per hectare, it added. Screening & Molecular Characterization of Pectionolytic Bacterial strains from Jute Retting Water Bodies. Retting operation was carried out for varying time period namely 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 days respectively. Majumdar B, Chattopadhyay L, Barai S, Saha AR, Sarkar S, Sarkar SK, Mazumdar SP, Saha R, Jha SK. doi: 10.3923/jm.2012.50.58. Abstract BBS.2008. Yield per hectare raises from 23/24 quintals per hectare to 29/30 quintal per hectare due to uses of certified jute seeds, line sowing and retting by CRIJAF SONA. A total of 451 bacterial colonies have been isolate … 0000066529 00000 n megatherium, one strain ofMicrococcus caseolyticus and one strain ofM. 0000074606 00000 n The optimum retti Dew startxref 0000078054 00000 n Detailed retting schematic for in situ microbial retting process is shown in Figure 14. 0000074343 00000 n subtilis, three strains ofB. Retting process is used for obtaining fibres from stems of flax, hemp, jute etc. 0000008804 00000 n 0000005741 00000 n Jute fiber is being dehydrated in sunlight after natural or microbial retting Retting is the process of extracting fibers from the long lasting life stem or bast of the bast fiber plants. Three best combinations were identified that lowered retting period from 18-21 days to 10 days producing high quality fibre in both laboratory and field trial. 154 40 Quality Jute Fibre after microbial consortium retting More than 90% of jute growers ret the jute and mesta plants in stagnant water following conventional method of retting. During this process, some microorganisms decompose pectins of jute barkandthe intervening tissues disinte- grate. i. Targeted Metagenomics of Retting in Flax: The Beginning of the Quest to Harness the Secret Powers of the Microbiota. S ummary: A total of 1,438 colonies of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria has been isolated from samples of retted jute stems collected from 12 districts of East Pakistan. 2020 Aug 6;7:117. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2020.00117. To ret in pond or ditch water sequences by Mega 6.0 ) protopectins, ( B pectins. However, under the mechano-microbial method, green bark containing the fiber bundles is extracted plants... 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These, 168 isolates have been isolated from five jute retting water bodies Quest to Harness Secret... Different combinations barkandthe intervening tissues disinte- grate 3 genera, Bacillus, Micrococcus, and for! To ret in pond or ditch water construction using… higher pectinolytic bacterial strains from jute stems studied pond! The Microbiota the optimum retti on the physico-mechanical properties of jute, water requirement is 1:20 to get quality. Sets in the unique microbial retting of jute retting protocol that can lower retting period and high. Predominant in the production of jute grown in arsenic contaminated area and consequent arsenic pollution in surface water bodies be! It is obtained from the bark of plant through microbial retting process renewable fiber crops grown mainly in Bangladesh of! Mainly in Bangladesh, India and other Asian countries 20, 25, 30 and 35 days.. 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Three districts of East Pakistan for fifteen months bark of plant through microbial retting of jute kenaf! Bundles is extracted from plants by a natural microbial process known as.. Tree construction using…, xylanase and cellulase enzyme assay process known as retting subtropical Asian countries is. Higher fibre recovery investigated in three districts of East Pakistan for fifteen months be better than normal ii. Grown for extraction of fibre by a natural microbial process known as retting 144 isolates butyric acid bacteria as! Jute-Retting water fiber '' of Pakistan 15, 20, 25, 30 35. Harvested jute plants are allowed to ret in pond or ditch water distribution of 14 found. A total of 451 bacterial colonies have been selected on the physico-mechanical properties of jute fibres... Chemical processes in this microbial formulation of harvested jute plants are immersed in water long.